OUTLINES

1. DEMOCRACY

1. Causes of Failure of Democratic Regimes in the Past
(i) Delay in constitution making.
(ii) Leadership vacuum.
(iii) Frequent military interventions.
(iv) Debacle of East Pakistan.
(v) Strong federation.
(vi) Weak local government system.
(vii) Fragile institutions especially judiciary.
(viii) Incompetent and corrupt leaders.
(ix) Lack of political harmony.
(x) Rift between institutions.
(xi) High illiteracy rate.
(xii) Improper system of checks and balances.

2. How Democracy be Strengthened in Pakistan? 
(i) Provincial autonomy.
(ii) Proper system of checks and balances.
(iii) Agricultural and Industrial Reforms.
(iv) Poverty alleviation measures.
(v) Educational reforms.
(vi) Political harmony and stability.
(vii) Collaboration of all the institutions of the state.
(viii) Proper strategies to address the menace of Energy Crisis.
(ix) Supremacy of law and constitution.
(x) Ensuring the provision of fundamental rights.
(xi) Transfer of power to the grass root level. (Devolution of power)
(xii) Time to review our foreign policy.

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